Scripture: Matthew 16:1-12
The Pharisees
and Sadducees came to Jesus and tested him by asking him to show them a sign
from heaven.
2 He
replied, "When evening comes, you say, 'It will be
fair weather, for the sky is red,' 3 and in the morning, 'Today it will be stormy, for the sky is
red and overcast.' You know how to interpret the appearance of the sky, but you
cannot interpret the signs of the times. 4 A wicked and adulterous generation looks for a miraculous
sign, but none will be given it except the sign of Jonah." Jesus
then left them and went away.
5 When they went across the lake, the
disciples forgot to take bread. 6 "Be
careful," Jesus said to them. "Be on
your guard against the yeast of the Pharisees and Sadducees."
7 They discussed this among themselves and
said, "It is because we didn't bring any bread."
8 Aware of their discussion, Jesus asked,
"You of little faith, why are you talking among
yourselves about having no bread? 9 Do you still not understand? Don't you remember the five
loaves for the five thousand, and how many basketfuls you gathered? 10
Or the seven loaves for the four thousand, and how many
basketfuls you gathered? 11 How is
it you don't understand that I was not talking to you about bread? But be on
your guard against the yeast of the Pharisees and Sadducees." 12 Then they understood that he
was not telling them to guard against the yeast used in bread, but against the
teaching of the Pharisees and Sadducees.
In our text today, The first 4 words &
the last 4 words are:
THE PHARISEES
AND SADDUCEES
As you read the words
of Jesus and stories of Jesus' life in the gospels, you'll quickly notice that
many people were opposed to Jesus' teaching. These people are called the
"religious leaders" or the "teachers of the law." When you exegete,
or dig a little deeper, you find that these teachers were divided into two main
groups: the Pharisees and
the Sadducees.
There were quite
a few differences between those two groups. To better understand them, we'll
start with their similarities.
The Similarities
Both the
Pharisees and Sadducees were religious leaders of the Jewish people during
Jesus' day. They ruled Zion’s hill = Jerusalem. That's important
because Jewish people believed their religious practices influenced every part
of their daily lives. Therefore, the Pharisees and Sadducees each held a lot of
power and influence over, not just the religious lives of the Jewish people,
but their finances, their work habits, their family life, and more.
Neither the Pharisees nor the
Sadducees were priests. They did not take part in the actual running of the
temple, the offering of sacrifices, or the administration of other religious
duties.
Instead, both the Pharisees and
Sadducees were "experts in the law" -- meaning, they were experts on
the Jewish Scriptures (the Old Testament).
Actually, the
expertise of the Pharisees and Sadducees went beyond the Scriptures themselves.
They were also experts on what it meant to interpret the laws
of the Old Testament. As an example, while the Ten
Commandments made it clear that God's people should not work on
the Sabbath, people began to question what it actually meant to
"work." Was it disobeying God's law to buy something on the Sabbath
-- was that a business transaction, and therefore work? Or, was it against
God's law to plant a garden on the Sabbath, which could be interpreted as
farming?
Given these
questions, the Pharisees and Sadducees both made it their business to create
hundreds of extra instructions and stipulations based on their interpretations
of God's laws.
Of course, they didn't agree on
how the Scriptures should be interpreted.
The Differences
The main
difference between the Pharisees and the Sadducees was their differing opinions
on the supernatural aspects of religion. To put things simply, the Pharisees
believed in the supernatural -- angels, demons, heaven, hell, and so on --
while the Sadducees did not.
In this way, the
Sadducees were largely secular in their practice of religion. They denied the
idea of being resurrected from the grave after death. In fact, they denied any
notion of an afterlife, which means they rejected the concepts of eternal
blessing or eternal punishment; they believed this life is all there is. The
Sadducees also scoffed at the idea of spiritual beings like angels and demons /
Acts 23:8 The Sadducees say that there is no
resurrection, and that there are neither angels nor spirits, but the
Pharisees believe all these things.
So we see the
Pharisees were much more invested in the spiritual aspects of their religion.
They took the Old Testament Scriptures literally, which meant they believed in
angels and other spiritual beings, and they were completely invested in the
promise of an afterlife for God's chosen people.
The other large
difference between the Pharisees and the Sadducees was one of status. Most of
the Sadducees were aristocratic. They came from families of noble birth who
were very well connected in the political world. We might call them "old
money". The Sadducees were typically well connected with the ruling
authorities among the Roman Government. They held a great deal of political
power.
The Pharisees,
on the other hand, were more closely connected with the common people. They
were typically merchants or business owners who had become wealthy enough to
turn their attention to studying and interpreting the Scriptures – they were "new
money,". Whereas the Sadducees had a lot of political power because of
their connections with Rome, the Pharisees had a lot of power because of their
influence over the masses of people in Jerusalem and the surrounding areas.
Despite these
differences, both the Pharisees and Sadducees were able to join forces against
someone they both perceived to be a threat: Jesus Christ. And both were
instrumental in working the Romans and the Jewish people to push for Jesus' death
on the cross.
Jesus’ first
words in this text are familiar to almost anyone in any culture in history even
if you have never heard of Jesus or the bible, you are familiar with the
phrase: “Orange sky at night,
sailors delight. Orange sky in the morning, sailors warning.”
The MESSAGE: Matthew
16:2-4 He told them, "You have a saying that goes, 'Red sky at night, sailor's
delight; 3 red sky at morning, sailors take warning.' You find it easy enough
to forecast the weather — why can't you read the signs of the times? An evil and wanton generation is always wanting signs and
wonders. The only sign you'll get is the Jonah sign." Then he
turned on his heel and walked away.
JONAH
800-750 BC – One story –
Autobiographical
Jonah is the story of what we are
going through today and how people respond.
People protest against stay
at home orders arguing that the great calamity of millions dying has
not happened.
Jonah protested going to Nineveh
when God said he was going to destroy the city and then God did NOT do it.
The reason God did not is because
Jonah warned the people and they responded with appropriate action.
The reason we have not seen more
infections and deaths is that many people have responded with appropriate
action.
Vs 4 A
wicked and adulterous generation looks for a miraculous sign, but none will be
given it except the sign of Jonah.
In
other words, Jesus is not going to show them a thousand ways what they should
understand in one way. Have you ever told something to someone about something
that is absolutely true, but no matter how many times and how many ways you
tell them, they still don’t believe? The only sign they needed to believe in
God was the sign of Jonah – it not only showed how God acted in the past – it
showed how God would act in the future for redemption. Matthew 12:40-41 For as Jonah was
three days and three nights in the belly of a huge fish, so the Son of Man will
be three days and three nights in the heart of the earth. The men of Nineveh
will stand up at the judgment with this generation and condemn it; for they
repented at the preaching of Jonah, and now one greater than Jonah is here.
What Jonah did, saved the lives
of over 100,000 people in Nineveh.
What millions of people are doing
today are saving the lives of billions.
As Jesus said a
sign from the past can teach you; do you believe the past has affected you? Of
course, you do. The fact is, today is tomorrow’s past and what you do today can
greatly affect your life and the lives of others tomorrow.
Here is an
example of how the past can affect the future. At age 60, as I was sharing the
10 at 10 last Friday, something dawned on me I had never realized before. I
exist because of the stock market crash of 1929. I can say with relative
certainty, that if it had not been for the stock market crash, I would not be
here today.
History of the Kramb Co. and
Kramb family.
Matthew 6:34 Therefore do
not worry about tomorrow, for tomorrow will worry about itself. Each day has
enough trouble of its own.
I don’t like how
we have to live right now! It stinks – I dislike not coming to church – but
i/we need to respond in the best way possible.
This is like a Year
of Jubilee, which came every 50th year, was a year
full of releasing people from their debts, releasing all slaves, and returning
property to who owned it. The year of
Jubilee was also dedicated to rest. During
this year, the Israelites were not supposed to reap or harvest; it was a time
for people to return to their families and
loved ones.
WHAT SHOULD WE
DO?
1. Learn from yesterday's
mistakes. Romans 15:4.
2. Be grateful for today.
3. Work hard. Proverbs
22:29. Avoid laziness.
4. Maximise your potential. Only
God has no potential.
5. Be prayerful. James 5:16.
6. Give thanks to God. God
inhabits the praises of His people.
7. Set spiritual growth goals. 2
Timothy 2:15. Do your best to present
yourself to God as one approved, a worker who does not need to be ashamed and
who correctly handles the word of truth.
Be specific. Write it down. Pursue it.
8. Have a deeper relationship
with God. He loves you, and desires to have a vibrant relationship with you.
TODAY IS
TOMORROW’S PAST
As Christians, we should be doing all we can to determine
what this past will one day look like:
Keep in mind that…
These are the days of Elijah, where we must declare the word
of the Lord
These are the days of Moses, where Righteousness is being restored.
These are the days of Moses, where Righteousness is being restored.
These are the days of Ezekiel, where dry bones become as
flesh,
These are the days of King David, where we are building a temple of praise.
Yes, these are days of great trial, of hunger and virus and war,
Still, we are the voice in the desert crying "Prepare the way of the Lord!"
These are the days of King David, where we are building a temple of praise.
Yes, these are days of great trial, of hunger and virus and war,
Still, we are the voice in the desert crying "Prepare the way of the Lord!"
Behold He comes riding on the clouds, Shining like the
sun at the trumpet call,
Lift your voice, it's the year of jubilee, And out of Zion's hill salvation comes.
Lift your voice, it's the year of jubilee, And out of Zion's hill salvation comes.